Citrinin pathway

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August undefined, 2024

WebJan 1, 2016 · The individual steps of citrinin 1 biosynthesis in Monascus ruber M7 were determined by a combination of targeted gene knockout and heterologous gene … WebCitrinin, which is biosynthesized from a pentaketide through the acetate–malonate pathway with three C 1-sources, causes renal damage in swine. It has also been …

(PDF) The molecular steps of citrinin biosynthesis in fungi

WebApr 11, 2024 · Damage to the reproductive system is the key factor leading to male infertility. Citrinin (CTN) is produced by Penicillium and Aspergillus in nature, and is definitely found in food and animal feed. Studies have revealed that CTN can cause damage to male reproductive organs and reduce fertility, but the mechanism of toxicity has not been … WebTo learn more about the citrinin biosynthetic pathway, a ctnG-replacement vector was constructed to disrupt ctnG with the hygromycin resistance gene as the selection marker, then transformed into M. aurantiacus Li AS3.4384 by a protoplast-PEG method. The citrinin content of three disruptants was reduced to about 50%, meanwhile pigment ... early 20 century painters

Citrinin C13H14O5 - PubChem

WebApr 7, 2024 · Citrinin and additional polyketide biosynthesis genes (pksCT, ctnA, and Mga1, for example) have also been found . Citrinin production can be reduced or eliminated by manipulating culturing conditions [ 228 ], developing strains incapable of synthesizing citrinin by metabolic and genetic engineering [ 229 ], and simply screening for genera … WebJan 1, 2016 · Citrinin is a toxic secondary metabolite of Penicillium citrinum and its contamination in many food items has been widely reported. However, research on the citrinin biosynthesis pathway and its ... WebJun 28, 2024 · Citrinin targets the kidney, resulting in teratogenicity, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity. Therefore, decreasing the content of citrinin is becoming a necessity that should be addressed as soon as possible. This study included a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis to elucidate the citrinin synthesis pathway in M. purpureus. css table outline border

[PDF] Biosynthetic Pathway of Citrinin in the Filamentous Fungus ...

WebJun 1, 2007 · Abstract. The mycotoxin CTN (citrinin), a natural contaminant in foodstuffs and animal feeds, has cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on various mammalian cells. CTN … WebAug 31, 1987 · Despite the similarity in structures between citrinin and ochratoxin, the PKS (CitS) catalyzing of the first enzyme-free intermediate (redoxcitrinin) in the citrinin … early 20th century advertisingWebJun 15, 2009 · Furthermore, co-exposure of HEK293 cells to CTN and MAPK pathway inhibitors demonstrated that CTN increased the levels of Gadd45{beta} mRNA through ERK1/2 signaling pathway and up-regulated the MMP3 transcripts majorly via … css table overflow-y

"WebJun 1, 2024 · Citrinin, a secondary metabolite, can pose serious risks to the environment and organisms, but its hepatotoxic mechanisms are still unclear. ... (ATP), activating AMPK pathway in L02 cells. Eventually, pretreatment with NAC, an ROS inhibitor, alleviates citrinin-induced cell cycle G2/M arrest and apoptosis by inhibiting ROS-mediated ER … " - Citrinin pathway

Citrinin pathway

Investigation of Citrinin and Pigment Biosynthesis Mechanisms in ...

WebOct 1, 2024 · The citrinin pathway belongs to the former as it is present in many Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Monascus species [30, 44, 45]. However, the biosynthetic gene cluster of Monascus azaphilone pigments is limited in the Monascus genera. The biosynthetic process of secondary metabolites forms a cluster or non-clustered gene … WebFeb 26, 2024 · When data mining was performed on citrinin targets, the top five functional descriptions were a cell’s response to an organic cyclic compound, the netrin–UNC5B …

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WebFurthermore, citrinin activates some important factors involved in apoptosis, including p21-activated protein kinase 2 (PAK2) dependent pathways, caspase-3 and -9, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and it raises reactive oxygen species (ROS) . Caspase-3 is famous as an executioner caspase in apoptosis. WebThe citrinin was completely detoxified by prior incubation with 0.05% hydrogen peroxide for 30 min at room temperature, and the toxic compound (s) that resulted from heating citrinin at 100 degrees C were also detoxified upon reheating it with hydrogen peroxide.

WebSep 29, 2011 · CIT is synthesized via the polyketide pathway [20]. It is generally known that three secondary metabolites, pigments, monacolin K, and citrinin, share a biochemical … WebYes. Some red yeast rice products contain a contaminant called citrinin, which is toxic and can damage the kidneys. In a 2024 analysis of 37 red yeast rice products, only one had citrinin levels below the maximum …

WebNational Center for Biotechnology Information WebThe application of Monascus is restricted by citrinin. So, it is important to explore the synthetic pathway of citrinin to completely inhibit the production of citrinin. In our previous study, we found that the protein encoded by the ctnF gene has a significant similarity to fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (F26BPase).

WebDec 16, 2024 · He, Y. Construction of a High-Efficiency Gene Knockout System of Monascus ruber M7 and Analysis of the Biosynthetic Pathway of Citrinin. Ph.D. Thesis, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China, 2015; pp. 113–118. [Google Scholar] He, Y.; Cox, R.J. The molecular steps of citrinin biosynthesis in fungi.

WebJun 28, 2024 · In addition, changes in transcription factor expression may also influence the network regulating the citrinin synthesis pathway in M. purpureus. Moreover, the yields of pigments produced by the ... early 20th century american writersWebFeb 21, 2024 · Citrinin is a toxic secondary metabolite of Penicillium citrinum and its contamination in many food items has been widely reported. However, research on the citrinin biosynthesis pathway and its regulation mechanism in P. citrinum is rarely reported. In this study, we investigated the effect of different carbon sources on citrinin production … early 20s bucket listWebJun 18, 2009 · In vitro trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of Azadirachta indica (neem) extracts on mycelial growth, sporulation, morphology and ochratoxin A production by P. verrucosum and P. brevicompactum. The effect of neem oil extract from seeds and leaf was evaluated at 0.125; 0.25 and 0.5% and 6.25 and 12.5 mg/mL, respectively, in Yeast … early 20th century american illustratorsWebCitrinin C13H14O5 CID 54680783 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. … early 20th century american literature 1900WebMay 27, 2024 · In our bodies, toxins are detoxed and excreted through a few pathways. Routes of elimination include urine, stool, bile and through our skin. Other routes include tears and saliva but are negligible in the realm of detoxification. ... This prebiotic has been shown to bind to citrinin, which a wide variety of molds produce. Using a variety of ... early 20th century bathing suitsWebJun 1, 2007 · The mycotoxin CTN (citrinin), a natural contaminant in foodstuffs and animal feeds, has cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on various mammalian cells. CTN is known to cause cell injury, including apoptosis, but the precise regulatory mechanisms of CTN action, particularly in stem cells and embryos, are … css table min widthWebMonascus aurantiacus produces high amounts of citrinin which is a mycotoxin with nephrotoxic activity. Six putative citrinin biosynthesis genes have been discovered in M. purpureus and at least 10 genes are responsible for its biosynthesis. However, the sequence of citrinin pathway gene cluster in M. aurantiacus has not been reported. early 20th century baseball